Joint joint

Not everyone knows what arthrosis is, so people are confused with treatment methods and do not understand the principles of diagnosis of pathology.Arthrosis is a severe dystrophic violation that provokes the lesion of cartilage tissues in the intraarticular cavity.The complexity of therapy is related to the irreversibility of the process, the total cure for modern medicine is not available, but the severity of the symptoms can be reduced and the progress of the pathology may slow down.With proper treatment, one continues the usual lifestyle for a long time.

What is arthrosis?

Similarly, it is simpler that arthrosis of the disease is a disease that provokes the amplitude of movement and pain.There are no manifestations in the first phase of the injury, they have mild severity and ished away.Gradually, as the pathology progresses, this is facilitated by age -related changes, stress, injuries, etc.According to statistics, the population over 60 years of age is approx.80% are from arthrosis.

The arthrosis of the joint develops for a long time, initially affects only the hyaline cartilage and then spreads to the bones, involving the synovial shell, muscles and the whole joint capsule.In the first or early stages of arthrosis, the lesion is slightly manifested: little pain after hard work, swelling, redness.Ignoring the discomfort, the joint is deformed, inflamed, causing severe pain, and their peak falls in the morning.The disease is characterized by the disappearance of pain after the joint.If you are not treated, you will completely lose joint mobility.

There is a primary and secondary form of arthrosis.Fowl arthrosis (neoarthrosis) is also distinguished- not many people know what it is because it is rarely formed than other varieties.Neoarthrosis is a fake joint, so the cartilage tissue grows unusual in an unusual place where they have been damaged.It is difficult to handle, especially from a surgical point of view.

There is a pathology of regenerative function, immunity or mechanical damage disorders.Due to the various causes of the cartilage, it becomes thinner.In normal condition, cartilage tissue gets sufficient nutrition for healing, but due to excessive physical effort or metabolism violations, tissues do not have time to regenerate.In the first phase, joint mobility remains.After considering the determination of arthrosis, it is worth deepening the development of pathology in more detail.

The mechanism of joint development, its types

Many types of arthrosis develop according to similar schema:

1. Primary lesion affects the Hyaline cartilage.In the case of circulatory disorders, abnormal performance is deteriorated.This is the first step or reason that can occur in arthrosis.
2. Hyalin coating pathologies.The thinning of the cartilage leads to the replacement of pathological tissues - bone structures.
3. Anomal growth in the cartilage - osteophytes.
4. A violation of the natural anatomy of cartilage and bones provokes overloading of healthy areas of cartilage.The destruction of joint tissues without treatment is continuously moving and leads to disability.

When the disease increases, pathological processes continue to worsen.Finally, all hyaline cartilage is destroyed.

Last degree of illness:

• participation in the abnormal process of bones, below and above the cartilage;
• Irritation of a joint shell, limiting mobility, leading to a 2 degree disability;
• Increased capsule density;
• Reducing the gap on the gap that becomes noticeable in the image.The stage of infringement is determined by the diagnostic-antenologist.The patient feels that the limb must be completely straightened and bowed;
• The articular deformation, the cartilage obtains irregular shape, provokes provocative curvature;
• The deterioration of the patient's condition by completely destroying the joint.

The joint sections

There are 3 stages of the development of joint disease:

• 1 degree.Morphological disorders have already begun, but they are not yet detected.The pathology primarily affects the condition of the synovial fluid, which is worse to supply cartilage tissues with nutrient components, reducing the strength of the cartilage.The load on the joints causes inflammation and pain.
• Section 2.Due to the lack of nutrients, the necessary cartridges are destroyed and bone growth on the cartilage surface.Pains obtain a more pronounced character that is enhanced after a long rest, and small physical work eliminates.The pain is accompanied by inflammation.The muscles are extended, leading to weak or average damaged motor functions.
• 3 degrees.There are often pain, and it is difficult to move the limb due to changes in the joint.The injuries are extended, noticeable to the naked look.The common place is deformed, the affected area becomes swollen and red.The axis of the limb is disturbed, leading to the complexity of movement.Pathological changes provoke the shortening of the tapes.Subluses and contractures appear.The adjacent muscles are shortened or stretched, from which the contractile function is weakened.

Causes and risk factors of joint development

The causes of arthrosis of the joints differ depending on the form of pathology.Deformation of the elbow joint, ankle joint and shoulder arthrosis is sometimes formed without noticeable reasons and can be detected by a doctor, a rheumatology specialist.If the problem is not preceded by visible pathologies, the disease is called primary.The secondary form of the infringement is primarily diagnosed and can provoke various states.

The main causes of development are:

• Mechanical damage: dislocations, fractures, stretching, meniscus injuries;
• Many endocrine disorders that involve malfunctions in the work of immunity;
• pathologies of metabolism;
• dysplasia (congenital disorders of joint tissues);
• He suffered inflammation of the joints;
• Pathologies leading to high mobility and weakening of the tapes.

Patients with arthrosis are most often experienced due to predisposing factors:

• age -related changes;
• Light and increased BMI.High load on the joint leads to rapid joint wear;
• lack of beneficial materials;
• Excessive load on joints.The reason for this is intensive workouts, sports, hard physical work;
• Hard working conditions or inappropriate approach to sport.If you have a genetic predisposition to injuries, joint injuries or similar diseases, it is important to follow the special training program, avoiding traumatic and difficult exercises;
• The postoperative period of recovery or transmitted complex operations involves cutting out most of the tissues affected.Such conditions negatively affect the smoothness and strength of the cartilage, and the load must be minimized;
• Genetic tendency, arthrosis is more often diagnosed in patients with the same pathology;
• The stage of postmenopausal, which occurs in women for about 50 years, is related to changes in the endocrine system;
• the devastating effect of toxins;
• poor environmental situation in the region of residence;
• Frequent damage to the joint, sometimes the micro -blades did not appear for a long time;
• hypothermia;
• Pathology of lumbar and cervix.

Primary joint joint

Primary arthrosis develops independently, that is, without the effect of internal or external causes.The defeat develops quite slowly through the hyaline cartilage.It is rarely diagnosed, accounting for only 3-5% of all cases.

Secondary joint joint

Secondary arthrosis is most often detected in the order of 95-96%.Any of the above pathologies provoke them.

The joint signs and symptoms

The manifestations of the disease are little different depending on the localization, and more often due to the heavy load, the knee, shoulder and hip are reflected.

Mostly complaints come to the following:

• pain.In the initial stages, they have a low severity and worsen the condition of the sensation.Initially, the joints only after awakening, after light heat, the feelings disappear.Over time, the pains appear at night, and it is greatly disturbed by long -term walking, running, etc.In the final stage, the pain syndrome is constantly sitting on a person;
• A limited amplitude of movements.The stiffness of actions indicates anatomical changes in the structure.At first, it manifests itself in the morning and then the daily movements are limited.In order not to provoke the worsening of the disease, work should be diverse and light, otherwise the patient will not be able to upset and print the limb over time.Over time, there is a risk that contracts from which a person loses their motor ability;
• Crown movements - belongs to non -specific manifestations of arthrosis.The disease is characterized by the occurrence of a single joint (except for polyarthrosis), accompanied by discomfort, pain and limited actions.The nature of the current is a wave -like - first manifested, gradually increased, but disappears in 3 stages;
• Swelling with red.The patient is located near the joint, indicating the inflammatory process and progression of the disease.The doctor understands that it affects the synovial shell, providing the accumulation of fluid and increased pain;
• limb deformations.The disease appears in a neglected form, indicating the complete destruction of the cartilage and the appearance of osteophytes.In this condition, the pressure on the joints increases, from which the curvature can affect the entire limb.

It is important to note that deformation of bones on the bones can often be confused with corn.At first glance, the symptom only has bad dangerous but serious consequences.

Complication

Initially, conservative therapeutic methods are used for treatment.If these are ineffective or the patient has ignored the doctor's recommendations, then the consequences are.

Possible complications:

• The joint was completely destroyed;
• The limb is immobilized, all motions are extremely difficult;
• hernia between vertebrae;
• disability;
• Strong deformation of the joint or entire limb.

The joint diagnosis

To make the diagnosis, rheumatologists examine the patient's complaints and prescribe an X -try test.Radiography is most often used in 2 predictions.The physician examines the presence of dystophical disorders in the Hyaline cartilage and bones.When the joint gap decreases, the bones are deformed or flattened, there are cystic formations on the cartilage surface, the osteophytes are the joints of the joint.During the inspection, arthrosis indicates the instability of the joint: the shaft of the limbs and the subluxation.

Often an X -Ray image is unable to provide complete information about the condition of the joint.For a more thorough study, computerized tomography requires it is effective in examining bones.MRI is used more often to study soft tissues.

During the diagnosis, they practice the involvement of other professionals who help determine the cause of the pathology.They often seek a hematologist, endocrinologist, gynecologist, orthopedic consultation.

Modern treatment

There are hundreds of ways of joint therapy, but each involves many methods:

• Drug treatment.The main task is to overcome the symptoms and to prevent the infringement further developed.Pain relievers are most often used to relieve pain, non -seertoid anti -inflammatory drugs to combat inflammation, and prescribe hormonal drugs for severe pain and acute inflammation.Each course is based on chondroprotectors that protect cartilage from destruction and use natural materials for their production;
• physiotherapy.It enhances the effectiveness of the drugs, inflammatory struggles, relieves symptoms, and accelerates tissue regeneration.Ultrasonic, electrical, magnetic, laser therapy was most often used.These include sludge baths, use with natural materials, the radon bath;
• Medical physical education.Useful, both as prevention and to facilitate the condition.After proper physical exercises, the pain can be completely eliminated.It is useful to visit the pool, participate in yoga and walk often;
• Manual therapy, massage promotes the treatment of the disease as they contribute to the prevention of joints.After injury, the manual therapist is able to compensate for the joint, preventing its fixation in a bad position.After the massage, muscle tone increases and blood circulation accelerates;
• Proper nutrition.A healthy diet promotes the body's nutrient enrichment to the cartilage and reduce body weight.The large weight increases the wear of the joints;
• Treatment of a sanatorium resort strengthens the joints.As part of healing, sanatoriums in balneotherapy, exercise therapy, physiotherapy, etc.Is offered;
• No -Traditional therapy.Huts, Naturo, Aph and herbs, and acupuncture and various folk recipes are used to treat arthrosis;
• Surgery intervention is the only way to return to the usual life in the third stage of the disease.Endoprostics allows you to replace the patient's cartilage with the implant.The only disadvantage of the operation is high costs.One procedure is sufficient for 15-20 years.

Preventive measures

So that the joint arthrosis does not interfere with the old age:

• maintains a healthy lifestyle;
• prevent heavy loads;
• Observe the diet;
• excludes bad habits;
• Perform gymnastics daily;
• Follow the weight.

Arthrosis is a dangerous disease that is much easier to prevent than the cure.By looking for a doctor's timely and adherence to treatment rules, the patient will be able to maintain a familiar lifestyle for a long time.Lack of therapy and self -healing causes rapid aggravation of the disease and ultimately disability.